In Our Time
Merlin
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/inourtime.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/research.shtml
Merlin
Further Reading
ORIGINAL WORKS
Geoffrey of Monmouth, History of the Kings of Britain, trans. Lewis Thorpe, Penguin, London, 1966, and many reprints
(The text that creates Merlin from varied Welsh sources and links him to Arthur)Geoffrey of Monmouth, Vita Merlini, ed. and trans. Basil Clare, University of Wales Press, Cardiff, 1971
(The rare medieval Latin recreation of the Welsh Myrddin/Merlin tradition)Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte D'Arthur, Caxton, London, 1485, ed. Helen Cooper, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998
(The classic and very influential English version of the `Merlin in service of Arthur’ – but not for long - tradition)Thomas Heywood, The Life of Merlin, Surnamed Ambrosius, His Prophecies and Predictions Interpreted, Okes, London, 1641
(Merlin’s fame frames a digest of chronicles to glorify English royalty – up to Charles I)Alfred Tennyson, `Merlin and Vivien’; in The Idylls of the King, Macmillan, London, 1859 (and many reprints)
(The modern recreation of the `Merlin in service of Arthur’ – but not for long - tradition, with special emphasis on his sexual fallibility)Mark Twain, A Connecticut Yankee at the Court of King Arthur, Macmillan, London, 1889 (and many reprints)
(Merlin, Arthur’s supporter, survives through the whole text, but as a hostile figure to the modernising Yankee)T.H.White, The Once and Future King, Collins, London, 1954
(Merlin is Arthur’s wise supporter throughout the whole story)
ANTHOLOGIES
Peter Goodrich, ed., The Romance of Merlin, Garland, New York, 1990
(A good selection of texts from the earliest times to the twentieth century, including selections from the elusive French medieval texts, with scholarly introductions)R.J.Stewart and John Matthews, Merlin Through the Ages: A Chronological Anthology and Source Book, Blandford, London, 1995
(An interesting selection from the earliest times to the present, with some emphasis towards magic and mystery)
SCHOLARSHIP AND CRITICISM
A.O.H.Jarman, `The Merlin Legend and the Welsh Tradition of Prophecy’ in R.Bromwich etc ed., The Arthur of the Welsh: The Arthurian Legend in Medieval Welsh Literature, Cardiff, University of Wales Press, 1991, pp. 117-145.
(The classic scholarly analysis of the early Welsh Myrddin/Merlin material)N.Tolstoy, The Quest for Merlin, Hamish Hamilton, London, 1985
(A scholarly though sometimes fanciful exploration of the early tradition: includes translations of the early Welsh Myrddin/Merlin poems)Jean Markale, Merlin L’Enchanteur, ou L’Eternelle Quête Magique, Retz, Paris, 1981
(A study by a major French specialist on Celtic medieval myth, with a philosophical-anthropological emphasis)
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